wykład cywilizacje europejskie

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Otrzymałam dzisiaj listę z tematami prezentacji na wykład cywilizacje europejskie, który mamy z Panią Łaszczok w poniedziałki. Jeżeli ktoś chce mieć tylko dostateczny wystarczy,że chodzi regularnie na wykłady. Jeżeli ktoś aspiruje do lepszej oceny musi przygotować prezentację. Poprosiłam Daniela o stworzenie nowej zakładki z tego konkretnego wykładu i jutro, jak tylko się ona pojawi, wrzucę tematy. Wybrane tematy można zgłaszać na forum. Tematy są bardzo obszerne i można każdy z nich podzielić na kilka prezentacji i skupić się na innych aspektach.

Biery27

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napisałam do Ciebie maila na adres, który masz na forum, więc albo zaktualizuj swoje dane albo czytaj częściej maile!

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mam prośbę od osób z ITSem, czy osoby które robiły prezentacje tym semestrze mogłyby zamieścic je na forum??

sabcia :-)

POSTCOLONIALISM

Postcolonialism is a set of theories in philosophy, film, political sciences and literature that deal with the cultural legacy of colonial rule.

As a literary theory it deals with literature produced in countries that once were colonies of other countries, especially of the European colonial powers Britain, France, and Spain; in some contexts, it includes countries still in colonial arrangements. It also deals with literature written in colonial countries and by their citizens that has colonised people as its subject matter. Colonized people, especially of the British Empire, attended British universities; their access to education, still unavailable in the colonies, created a new criticism - mostly literary, and especially in novels. Following the breakup of the Soviet Union during the late 20th century, its former republics became the subject of this study as well. Edward Said's (1978 Orientalism) has been described as a seminal work in the field.

SUBJECT MATTERS

Postcolonialism deals with cultural identity in colonised societies: the dilemmas of developing a national identity after colonial rule; the ways in which writers articulate and celebrate that identity ; the ways in which the knowledge of the colonised (subordinated) people has been generated and used to serve the coloniser's interests; and the ways in which the coloniser's literature has justified colonialism via images of the colonised as a perpetually inferior people, society and culture. These inward struggles of identity, history, and future possibilities often occur in the metropolis and, ironically, with the aid of postcolonial structures of power, such as universities. Not surprisingly, many contemporary postcolonial writers reside in London, Paris, New York and Madrid.

POSTCOLONIAL LITERATURE

Postcolonial literature (sometimes called "New English Literature") is literature concerned with the political and cultural independence of people formerly subjugated in colonial empires, and the literary expression of postcolonialism.

Postcolonial literary critics re-examine classic literature with a particular focus on the social "discourse" that shaped it. For instance, in Orientalism, Edward Said analyzes the works of Honoré de Balzac, Charles Baudelaire and Lautréamont, exploring how they were influenced by and helped to shape a societal fantasy of European racial superiority. Postcolonial fictional writers interact with the traditional colonial discourse, but modify or subvert it; for instance by retelling a familiar story from the perspective of an oppressed minor character in the story, for example Jean Rhys' Wide Sargasso Sea (1966), which was written as a pseudo-prequel to Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre. Often the protagonist of a postcolonial work will find him/herself in a struggle to establish an identity, feeling conflicted between an old, native world that is being abolished by the invasive forces of modernity and/or the new dominant culture.

Postcolonial literature uses a wide range of terms, like "writing back", re-writing and re-reading, which describe the interpretation of well-known literature under the perspective of the formerly colonized. In Wide Sargasso Sea, the protagonist is renamed several times, and exploited in several ways.

Other authors use different analogies for the colonized, but also very different approaches. The "anti-conquest narrative" recasts indigenous inhabitants of colonised countries as victims rather than foes of the colonisers. This depicts the colonised people in a more human light but risks absolving colonisers of responsibility for addressing the impacts of colonisation by assuming that native inhabitants were "doomed" to their fate.

SOME POSTCOLONIAL WRITERS

1. Allende Isabel - is a Chilean-American novelist. She writes in the "magic realist" tradition, is considered one of the first successful women novelists in Latin America. She is largely famous for her contributions to Latin-American literature, novels such as The House of the Spirits and City of the Beasts.

2. Coetzee J.M. - South African novelist. In 2003 it was announced that he was to be the recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature, making him the fourth African writer to be so honoured. He was praised for "in innumerable guises portraying the involvement of the outsider". everal of Coetzee's novels are noted for their eloquent protest against political and social conditions in South Africa, particularly the suffering caused by imperialism, apartheid , and postapartheid violence. Coetzee has also been active as a translator of Dutch and Afrikaans literature.

3. Roy Arundhati - is an Indian novelist, writer and activist. She won the Booker Prize in 1997 for her first novel, The God of Small Things. Roy has strongly criticised the U.S. led invasion of Afghanistan in reaction to the September 11 attacks, decrying its undermining of international law and institutions. In response to India's testing of nuclear weapons in Pokhran, Rajasthan, Roy wrote The End of Imagination (1998), a critique of the Indian government's nuclear policies.

4. Walcott Derek - is a West Indies poet, playwright, writer and visual artist who writes mainly in English. His work, which developed independently of the schools of magic realism emerging in both South America and Europe at around the time of his birth, is intensely related to the symbolism of myth and its relationship to culture.